Last comments. Economic motives did drive the Civil War, absolutely definitely. But, slavery drove the Southern economy. It was an agricultural, slave based economy. Without slaves, there was no economy. It would be like the North being threatened with losing its factories. It's also why the North, which was so much more powerful, took so long to win (plus they had inferior generals; my husband is a Civil War buff), because the South was fighting for its way of life. The North was merely fighting for a cause, to keep the Union together. Whether keeping the Union together was worth it is another question. BTW, I think you started this thread over the New Orleans thing, states rights to government disaster relief. You said NO wasn't entitled, the states had to do it. ----- Original Message ----- From: Lawrence Helm To: lit-ideas@xxxxxxxxxxxxx Sent: 2/8/2006 1:58:41 AM Subject: [lit-ideas] Beard's The Rise of American Civilization I checked through my library and discovered that the last book I read that treats the Civil War with some thoroughness was Charles and Mary Beard?s The Rise of American Civilization, 1930. I read it in 2000 because it is considered something of a classic and I encountered reference to it in some book or review I had read. Beard was a very good writer and a clever thinker, but he wasn?t highly respected by his peers because of his politics: http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAbeardC.htm It strikes me as a bit ironic that I seem to be presenting something of a Marxist interpretation of the Civil War and those whom I would normally consider . . . closer to Marx than I am are arguing with me. I?m not complaining ? just finding it ironic. To suggest that Northerners were willing to go to war to free the slaves presents the North in a nobler light than I think justifiable. There was the abolition movement to be sure, but it was never large enough to influence politics in a major way. I suppose I was convinced by Beard that economic motives were driving both the North and the South. The North had a good thing going and didn?t want to lose it. The South felt it was being economically squeezed beyond endurance. Lincoln was a president who was resolved to do the right thing as he saw it, and he saw pretty clearly, no matter what. Lawrence