Hi, Here is one explanation I have received. quote The actual buffer is a temporary file that JAWS puts on your machine and accesses, but you have no need of knowing the name of or where the file is. I don't know. The function of it is what is important. The function is so that JAWS can interpret the contents of the page loaded into the browser which it does by interpreting the HTML code loaded into the browser. It then presents you with an interface that allows you to curser up and down, left or right and use just about any of your word processing abilities to interact with the information loaded from the page. It is something many of use heavily on a daily basis. The trend is that there are more and more web technologies that screen readers and JAWS in particular are falling behind on being able to work with and most of these problems resulting from something referred to as ajax or web 2.0. Standard HTML along with some java and even some flash content work very well. These technologies also work very well to do many, many things and even most things that some think they have to use ajax for, however you will run across pages that people have used the ajax and such on these days out of necessity or otherwise. So definitely enjoy the open doors that using this way of browsing the web allows, just be aware that the trend is that these alternative technologies are becoming more of a factor without a good answer yet. Jim end quote ----- Original Message ----- From: cheryll Subject: Re: virtual buffer Hi again, Please explain what a virtual buffer is and its function. Much thanks, Cheryl