Gary, Welcome to the forum. As you may have already gathered, I am the awkward, contrary acentrist on this board, who keeps challenging errors of science and logic. (However, I'm really quite a nice guy when you get to know me, and I have nothing against the Christian religion.) Now, to your assertions / questions. "If a jet plane leaves O'Hare airport in Chicago and flies in the air at 500 mph, how is it that this airplane will traverse 500 miles of ground below it in one hour no matter which direction it flies?" Because 500mph is it's speed relative to the air, it'll also be roughly be equal to it's speed relative to the ground, if you neglect any headwind of tail-wind. You need to grasp the nature of relative speed here - to take a more familiar example, if you're on a train travelling at 100mph, that's 100mph relative to the ground. If you then walk quickly towards the back of the train at 4mph, relative to the ground you are travelling backwards at a speed of 96mph. Another example, you are on a carousel at a fair. The carousel is rotating at a speed where the ground is passing underneath your feet at 5mph. You begin to walk round edge of the carousel, fairly slowly, at 1mph. Now, it'll take you as much time to go a quarter of the way round in one direction, as it would do to go a quarter of the way round in the other direction. But one way, your speed relative to the ground is 6mph, the other way, you are travelling backwards at 4mph relative to the ground. How do you know the carousel is rotating and not the entire fairground rotating round the carousel? Well, one thing that would make you suspicious is that you're getting some weird forces acting on you. You feel that some force is pushing you off the carousel. Also if you walk in a straight line towards the centre, you feel a force trying to push you sideways. Another is you can see the rest of the fairground, and there are lots of other carousels in view. Some bigger, some smaller than the one you're on, and they're all spinning round. Now, you look into the night sky and there are planets there. Some bigger than Earth, some smaller. And when you study them through a telescope, you can see they are all turning. Mars - rotating every 24 hours 37 minutes. Jupiter - rotating every 9 hours 50 minutes (and Jupiter is bigger than the Earth!) Mercury - rotating every 59 days. Not fast, I grant you, but rotating. Venus - rotating every 243 days. If any planet is nearly Geostatic it's Venus. Saturn - rotating every 10 hours 15 minutes Uranus - rotating every 17 hours 20 minutes Neptune - rotating every 16 hours. The Sun itself - rotating every 25 days on the equation, 36 days near the poles. And what's more, their atmospheres (where they have them) are turning with them. We are in exactly the same situation here on Earth. "Assuming we are indeed on a turning earth and, somehow, this atmosphere of ours is turning with us, what is the mechanism which enables it to do so? Musn't it have something which "roots" it to the ground much like an enormous tree?" Your question really should be - what enables the atmosphere to remain turning with the Earth. Why does it not slow down and stop, so we end up with 1,000 mph winds on the equator? The reason is, the atmosphere is a viscous fluid. It couldn't sustain such incredibly high relative windspeeds for long before resistance with relief such as mountains and valleys slowed it down. It wouldn't happen overnight, but it would happen pretty soon. Otherwise cyclones would never blow themselves out. And the atmosphere is not rigidly turning with the Earth. It can't, it's a gas. It responds to local temperature variations, local relief like mountains and valleys, local temperature variations over the oceans, the continual heating of half of the planet by the Sun, anything that disturbs it. As hot air from the equator moves north or south, it retains a lot of it's speed from the equator, an effect called Coriolis http://csep10.phys.utk.edu/astr161/lect/earth/coriolis.html which has significant effects on the trade winds that were so useful to ocean navigators, as well as the ocean currents. The movement of the atmosphere is really a very complex fluid dynamics problem and usually needs powerful computers to model it in any detail. "Would not a tandemly turning atmosphere/earth mean nothing could move the air upon the ground? And would this not further mean instant suffocation for every breathing creature on earth?" Yes it would. But gases are not fixed and immovable, are they? They are gases. They can move. Now, to Neville's earlier response to the same post. There is one point he makes which is unforgivably wrong and demands a response. "That would be assigned to the gravitational field, which rotates with the World, and accompanies the World about the Sun (wowzers, I'd better wash my mouth out after this)." Yes, you better had. The gravitational field has nothing to do with the rotation of the atmosphere with the Earth. It holds the atmosphere close to the Earth, granted, but the gravity field does not 'rotate'. You seem to be confusing gravitational fields with magnetic fields. Rob. -----Original Message----- From: Gary L. Shelton [mailto:GaryLShelton@xxxxxxxxxxx] Sent: 19 September 2004 06:38 To: geocentrism@xxxxxxxxxxxxx Subject: [geocentrism] airplane flights and the atmosphere Hello All, This is my first post to the list. I have only been aboard as a reader for a couple of weeks. I am from the States and initially discovered geocentrism/geocentricity about three years ago by reading Marshall Hall's and Dr. Bouw's books I am 44 years old. Number one: If we are on a turning earth with a free-roaming air (ie., the atmosphere is NOT turning with the earth), then obviously we would have tremendous wind problems. I don't believe 600 mph winds at Chicago wouldn't do much for Sears Tower. I'll bet this is plain and evident enough even to the H-people, such that this is why they claim the atmosphere turns with the earth. But I want to point out one thing here. Every day each of us sees the wind "blow". Leaves in trees, blades of grass, trash on the ground, etc. Isn't this, our everyday experience, concrete enough evidence that the air is free-roaming upon the surface of the earth? After all, how would one ever see the wind blow across the ground if the air were constantly working to keep up with the turning earth below it? Wouldn't the air always be moving west to east in perfect harmony with the spinning earth? Number two here: Assuming we are indeed on a turning earth and, somehow, this atmosphere of ours is turning with us, what is the mechanism which enables it to do so? Musn't it have something which "roots" it to the ground much like an enormous tree? And what is this connection of the supposedly turning earth to the supposedly turning air that is so strong that the 8000 mile diameter earth with all its diverse topography (from the Grand Canyon to Mt. Everest) can't shake itself free from the pesky atmosphere? And whatever this connection is, how is it that I, a mere mortal, can easily displace the air by walking through it or breathing it when the huge earth we are on--if we are to believe the scientists--cannot? Would not a tandemly turning atmosphere/earth mean nothing could move the air upon the ground? And would this not further mean instant suffocation for every breathing creature on earth? This e-mail and any attachment is for authorised use by the intended recipient(s) only. It may contain proprietary material, confidential information and/or be subject to legal privilege. It should not be copied, disclosed to, retained or used by, any other party. If you are not an intended recipient then please promptly delete this e-mail and any attachment and all copies and inform the sender. Thank you.