I am really, really sorry but the bold wouldn't come off no matter what I tried. So I set the font to and comic sans and grey so it's not as bad :/ Really, really sorry. I picked clear gif web bugs because I noticed these when my firewall would ask me if I wanted to allow a web bug, I wondered " A what...a bug...? Why would I want to allow that?" Some sites wouldn't let me access certain content unless I did (in other words, the message to accept would pop up over and over and I couldn't get rid of my firewalls messsage about it, etc.) I found that some sites set cookies through web bugs and this is why you cannot get into the site. It worried me they might be viruses so evn before I read in the book I looked them up. They aren't always '1 x 1' pixels and not always easy to spot. In fact some of your traditional page 'site visited this # of times' counters can be classified as "glorified web bugs". I read up and generally, they aren't dark and sinister, they just keep track of how many people are visiting a site. But the scary part is spammers imbedding them in emails and thusly knowing you opened it, your isp address, etc If web begs really irk you there are a few removers but they seem to be pay... I'm unsure how they work but for $30 I guess I'll just have to accept these little web bugs to log in certain sites. But I did find a site...http://www.bugnosis.org/ that install toolbar that tells you when a site has a web bug instead of view each site tediously like the book suggests.. I dunno if thats terribly helpful but at least you know if you are looking at sites equipped with such easily. The bugnosis toolbar is interesting enough for me to download, and it can later uninstall it if you find it less useful then you hoped through the add/remove programs. I went to pogo.com (addictive game site) with this toolbar installed and it came up with this: Tiny, Once, Protocols, Lengthy, Domain, TPCookie (id=3bac0fa40dde20e) http://ea.rpts.net/sa;src=888104;ord=0.34311704708189983;pgnm=Club+Pogo+Home+Page;sect=Club+Pogo;u.seg=5;pgurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pogo.com%2Fhome%2Fhome-pogop.jsp;qstring=sls%3D3%26site%3Dpogop%26lkey%3DQNxoBAMjzcNjf9i-Cmb9ZAAAKDw Property name Description Tiny image is tiny, so is probably not meant to be seen Protocols image URL contains more than one Web protocol name (e.g., "http:" twice) Cookie image URL overlaps with the cookie field too much Lengthy image URL is unusually long Domain image comes from a different domain than the main document Once image is used only once in the document TPCookie image comes from a different domain than the document and has an associated cookie (Third Party Cookie) Recognized compares the URL against a set of recognized Web sites http://ea.rpts.net/ This is a DoubleClick advertising server. So in other words, just tracking how many people are going to pogo.com. I don't think web bugs are a huge threat but they are an interesting technology that can be used to gather information, although this can be used for less then useful purposes such as letting spammers know you opened their email :( But they can serve good such as counters (letting people know how popular their site is). To read more (there are remarkable few sites about web bugs!) You can go to http://www.leave-me-alone.com/webbugs.htm