Grandma Cindy, that hyphen with the little line on it, is that "optional" hyphen is what I call it. It's the one that was in the Best-Kept Secret book that I scanned and was causing the funny problem for the validator. For me it happens in the OCR process, where in the print book there really is a hyphen, but when it is scanned and OCR'd, the OCR program says I know there is a hyphen in print, but when I OCR it, there doesn't HAVE to be a hyphen unless you're trying to match print. Once in a while it places this optional hyphen where there really should be one, like if there was the word phrase soon-to-be but "be" was bumped to the next line, rather than the word bumblebee where it would be bumble-bee with "bee" bumped to the next line. So sometimes you can put nothing in for the optional hyphen and sometimes you need to put in a real hyphen. Does that make sense? Jamie in Michigan Currently Reading - Guarding the Secrets: Palestinian Terrorism and a Father?s Murder of His Too-American Daughter - Ellen Harris